f COMMERCE 101. ~ EDU-MADE-EASY BLOG

COMMERCE 101.



    BALANCE OF PAYMENT AND BALANCE OF TRADE.

Hey Guyz, Happy Monday. How was the weekend, mine was cute, hope yours was lovely? Any way this is a new week and a new day to live, learn and have fun. So let’s get started.
Balance of Trade is the relationship between the values of a country’s import and export of visible items within a particular period of time.
If Visible Exports are more than Visible Imports, the Balance of Trade is said to be favorable. On the other hand, if the Visible Import exceeds the Visible Exports, the country is said to have unfavorable Balance of Trade.
Balance of Payment is a statement/record showing the relation between a country’s total payment to other countries and its total receipt from other countries in a year. In other words, it is the comparison of the sum total of a country’s receipt from export and the total payment made for import. Balance of Payment of a country shows the yearly statement of income and expenditure from visible and invisible export, and visible and invisible import respectively.
A Country’s Balance of Payment can be divided into three parts:

a.     Current Account.
b.     Capital Account.
c.      Monetary Movement Account.
CURRENT ACCOUNT.
They are the expenditure and income of a country on both visible and invisible imports and exports.
CAPITAL ACCOUNT.
This is concerned with the inflow and outflow of capital both long and short terms.
MONETARY MOVEMENT ACCOUNT.
It shows how the balance of both the current and capital accounts are settled.
FAVOURABLE AND UNFAVOURABLE BALANCE OF PAYMENT.
Favourable Balance of Payment occurs when the visible and invisible export trade is greater than the payments to other countries on invisible and visible import trade.
Unfavourable Balance of Payment is when the payments on visible and invisible imports is greater than receipts on visible and invisible exports. It can be referred to Deficit Balance.
Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods either as a percentage of value or a unit. It is referred to as Import Duties.
REASONS FOR IMPOSITION OF TARIFFS.
1.     To Protect Infant Industries from Foreign Firms.
2.     To Raise Revenue through Import Duties.
3.     To correct unfavorable Balance of Payments of a Country by imposing Tariffs on importation of goods which will discourage importation.
TOOLS FOR TRADE RESTRICTIONS.
1.     Imposing Tax on Imported Goods.
2.     By Lowering the value of a country’s currency with respect to other import, becomes costly while export will be cheaper.
3.     Prohibition/ Outright can be placed on some imported goods.
4.     Restricting on the quantity of goods that can be imported from a particular country.
This concludes our session for today, Hope you understand what we discussed today. Until we meet again, remain ever blessed and remember you are for SIGNS & WONDERS. God Bless You.

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